Antimicrobial Stewardship (Bitesize)
Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) happens when microbes (bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites) change over time and stop responding to medicines; this causes infections that are more difficult to treat and increases the risk of disease spreading, severe illness and death. This module looks at what a microbe is and explains how microbes can both help and harm the human body.

Learning Outcomes
What you'll learn
- Define what a microbe is and explain how they can both help and harm the human body
- Identify the four types of antimicrobial medications that are commonly used
- Explain how microbes become resistant to medication and what can be done to slow this process down
- Recognise the impact of antimicrobial resistance and why this is of worldwide concern
- Explain why some infections do not need treatment with antimicrobial medication
Learning Outcomes
What you'll learn
- Define what a microbe is and explain how they can both help and harm the human body
- Identify the four types of antimicrobial medications that are commonly used
- Explain how microbes become resistant to medication and what can be done to slow this process down
- Recognise the impact of antimicrobial resistance and why this is of worldwide concern
- Explain why some infections do not need treatment with antimicrobial medication
Modules
Module 1
What are Microbes?
Module 2
What are Antimicrobials?
Module 3
Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)
Module 4
What can we do about AMR?
Module 5
Summary
Module 6
References
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Frequently Asked Questions
Antimicrobial stewardship promotes the appropriate use of antibiotics and other antimicrobials to treat infections effectively while reducing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in UK healthcare.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) occurs when microbes change and medicines become less effective. It can make infections harder to treat and is a major UK and global health concern.
The main types include antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals and antiparasitics. Each targets different types of microbes and infections.
Some infections, such as many viral infections, do not respond to antibiotics. Avoiding unnecessary antimicrobial use helps prevent antimicrobial resistance and protects future treatment options.
Healthcare workers can follow UK antimicrobial prescribing guidance, use antimicrobials only when appropriate, follow infection prevention measures and educate patients about responsible use.



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